SSA's Definition of Disability

SSA defines a disability as a medically determinable physical or mental impairment that:

• Prevents you from engaging in substantial gainful activity (SGA), and
• Has lasted or is expected to last 12 months or longer, or result in death.

This definition applies uniformly across the country—including Ohio—and is stricter than many other government programs.

Common Qualifying Conditions in Ohio

SSA maintains a list of impairments known as the Blue Book. While having a condition on this list can help, it’s not required. Here are some common categories that may qualify:

1. Musculoskeletal Disorders

• Severe back injuries (herniated disc, spinal stenosis)
• Joint dysfunctions
• Amputations
• Degenerative disc disease

2. Mental Health Disorders

• Depression
• Anxiety disorders
• Bipolar disorder
• Schizophrenia
• PTSD
• Autism spectrum disorders

3. Neurological Conditions

• Epilepsy
• Multiple sclerosis (MS)
• Parkinson’s disease
• Stroke residuals
• Traumatic brain injury

4. Respiratory Disorders

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• Asthma (severe and persistent)
• Cystic fibrosis

5. Cardiovascular Conditions

• Congestive heart failure
• Ischemic heart disease
• Arrhythmias
• Peripheral artery disease

6. Immune System Disorders

• Lupus
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• HIV/AIDS
• Inflammatory bowel disease

7. Cancer

• Leukemia
• Breast cancer (with metastasis or recurrence)
• Lung cancer
• Pancreatic cancer

Even if your condition is not listed in the Blue Book, you may still qualify if your symptoms and limitations are severe enough to prevent full-time work.

Functional Limitations Matter

SSA doesn't just look at your diagnosis—they evaluate how the condition affects your ability to function. For example:

• Can you sit, stand, or walk for long periods?
• Can you focus or remember tasks?
• Are you able to lift and carry objects?
• Do you need frequent breaks or assistance?

The more evidence you provide showing how your condition limits your daily functioning and work capacity, the stronger your claim.

Medical Documentation Is Critical

To prove a disabling condition in Ohio, you’ll need:

• Doctor’s records and treatment history
• Test results (X-rays, MRIs, labs)
• Statements from specialists
• Mental health evaluations (if applicable)

Make sure your records show ongoing treatment and how your condition affects your ability to work.